Last Updated: Apr 14, 2022
Quick Links: Table of Contents
- How Smart is the Yorkshire Terrier?
- Yorkshire Terrier Intelligence. A Second Opinion
- The Intelligence of Yorkshire Terrier Compared to Other Dog Breeds
- Is the Yorkshire Terrier Smarter than a Cat?
- What is the IQ of the Yorkshire Terrier?
How Smart is the Yorkshire Terrier?
The Yorkshire Terrier is a dog breed that is known to be:
- Alert
- Courageous
- Energetic
- Independent
- Intelligent
- Loyal
- Playful
But, how smart is the Yorkshire Terrier really?
The Yorkshire Terrier is the 27th smartest dog when it comes to obedience and working intelligence.
Accordingly, compared to other dogs, the Yorkshire Terrier belongs to the `Above Average Working Dogs` category.
Yorkshire Terriers tend to learn new commands after 15 to 25 repetitions.
These facts on Yorkshire Terrier intelligence are from the published work on dog intelligence and behavior by the renowned Prof. Stanley Coren. Coren is a Canadian Psychology Professor and Dog Researcher.
In the 1990s, Prof. Coren did extensive scientific research where he `measured` what is called the Working or Obedience Intelligence of more than 130 different dog breeds.
Note that the working/obedience intelligence of a dog is one of the three intelligence components that constitute a dog`s total intelligence
. But it is the only intelligence component that can be measured and compared among dog breeds.Later on, we will further explain what the working/obedience intelligence means, and what the other two parts of a dog`s intelligence are.
For his research on measuring and ranking the intelligence of dog breeds, Prof. Coren consulted with:
- Over two hundred dog obedience judges
- Over sixty veterinarians, and
- Fourteen guard dog experts
From his research data, Prof. Coren ranked dog breeds according to their obedience intelligence from the smartest to the least smart.
According to the study, the smartest dog breed is the Border Collie. Border Collies are so smart that they can understand any new command that you are trying to teach them after repeating the command to them five times or fewer.
The least smart dog breed is the Afghan Hound. The Afghan Hound is one of the dog breeds with the lowest degree of Working/Obedience intelligence. It will take 80 to 100 repetitions or more for an Afghan Hound to learn a new command.
As mentioned earlier, the Yorkshire Terrier is the 27th smartest dog breed.
Furthermore, Coren placed dog breeds into one of six intelligence categories:
- Brightest Dogs: Tend To Learn New Commands After Fewer Than 5 Repetitions
- Excellent Working Dogs: Tend To Learn New Commands After 5 To 15 Repetitions
- Above Average Working Dogs: Tend To Learn New Commands After 15 To 25 Repetitions
- Average Working/Obedience Intelligence Dogs: Tend To Learn New Commands After 25 To 40 Repetitions
- Fair Working/Obedience Intelligence Dogs: Tend To Learn New Commands After 40 To 80 Repetitions!
- Lowest Degree of Working/Obedience Intelligence Dogs: Tend To Learn New Commands After 80 To 100 Repetitions Or More!
The Yorkshire Terrier belongs to the `Above Average Working Dogs` category.
However, note that obedience intelligence is one of the many things that make a good dog. The fact that a dog breed has a low obedience intelligence DOES NOT MEAN the dog breed with not excel at other things.
Intelligence is just one of the many things that make dogs the excellent human companions that they are.
See the intelligence ranking of a few selected dog breeds in the table below: (note, although 133 dog breeds were studied, there are 79 positions because some breeds tied for the same position)
Click here to see the intelligence rank of all 133 dog breeds.
| Breed | Intelligence Rank |
|---|---|
| How Smart is the Belgian Malinois? | Ranked 22nd out of 79 |
| How Smart is the Chesapeake Bay Retriever? | Ranked 27th out of 79 |
| How Smart is the Yorkshire Terrier? | Ranked 27th out of 79 |
| How Smart is the Border Terrier? | Ranked 30th out of 79 |
| How Smart is the Irish Setter? | Ranked 35th out of 79 |
| How Smart is the Miniature Pinscher? | Ranked 37th out of 79 |
| How Smart is the Irish Wolfhound? | Ranked 41st out of 79 |
| How Smart is the Wire Fox Terrier? | Ranked 51st out of 79 |
| How Smart is the Welsh Terrier? | Ranked 53rd out of 79 |
| How Smart is the Pug? | Ranked 57th out of 79 |
| How Smart is the French Bulldog? | Ranked 58th out of 79 |
| How Smart is the Great Pyrenees? | Ranked 64th out of 79 |
| How Smart is the Bullmastiff? | Ranked 69th out of 79 |
| How Smart is the Bloodhound? | Ranked 74th out of 79 |
| How Smart is the Borzoi? | Ranked 75th out of 79 |
Yorkshire Terrier Intelligence. A Second Opinion
We reviewed another research study to find out more about the intelligence of the Yorkshire Terrier. This other study is The Canine Behavioral Assessment & Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ) study.
This study was done by research veterinarians from the University of Pennsylvania.
In the study, the researchers asked owners of different dog breeds, including owners of the Yorkshire Terrier to describe how trainable their dogs are.
55 Yorkshire Terrier owners were asked to describe
how easy it was to train their Yorkshire Terrier in the CBARQ research survey.We analyzed what these Yorkshire Terrier owners said about the trainability of their Yorkshire Terriers and compared that to what other owners said about other dog breeds (125 other breeds).
Dogs that are easy to train are always very eager to listen to their owner. These dogs are not stubborn. These dogs obey simple commands, and they learn very quickly.
Also, dogs that are easy to train tend to do well at fetching objects when asked to. Furthermore, this category of dogs also responds positively to correction and ignores distraction.
According to the results from the CBARQ research, Yorkshire Terriers are not easy to train.
In fact, the Yorkshire Terrier ranks 110th out of 124 dog breeds for easiness to train.
Based on our further analysis of the CBARQ research data, we found that the Yorkshire Terrier has a trainability score of 45.1 %.
Other dog breeds that are not easy to train just like the Yorkshire Terrier are listed in the table below:
| Trainability Rank | Breed | Trainability Score |
|---|---|---|
| 107 | Pug | 45.9 % |
| 108 | French Bulldog | 45.4 % |
| 109 | Beagle | 45.3 % |
| 110 | Yorkshire Terrier | 45.1 % |
| 111 | Greyhound | 44.9 % |
| 112 | Bull Terrier | 44.8 % |
| 113 | Fox Terrier (Wire/Wire-haired) | 43.7 % |
According to the CBARQ research data, the dog breeds that are most easy to train are the:
According to the CBARQ research data, the dog breeds that are most difficult to train are the:
However, it is important to note that trainability does not always equal intelligence.
This is because a dog can be smart and stubborn at the same time. A smart but stubborn dog will be hard to train.
Visit this page to see the complete temperament profile (trainability, aggression, shyness, prey drive, etc) of the Yorkshire Terrier according to the result of the CBARQ research study.
The Three Parts of the Intelligence of the Yorkshire Terrier
As mentioned earlier, Prof. Coren ranked dogs based on what is called the `Working/Obedience` Intelligence.
The `Working/Obedience` Intelligence is one of the three parts of a dog`s overall intelligence.
All the three parts that make up a dog`s overall intelligence are:
- Instinctive Intelligence: This is the natural intelligence that comes from instinct. For example, dog breeds that have been historically bred to be guard or hunt dogs will have a high `guarding` or `hunting` intelligence compared to dogs that were not bred for guarding or hunting.
- Adaptive Intelligence: This indicates what a dog can learn to do for himself or herself. Adaptive intelligence is specific to each dog, and not specific to a dog breed. You can improve your dog`s adaptive intelligence (and therefore its overall intelligence) by investing time to train your dog.
- Working/Obedience Intelligence: This intelligence type is the subject of this article. This type of intelligence is breed-specific. Certain dog breeds tend to have higher working/obedience intelligence than other breeds. This intelligence is the closest to what we might call school-learning ability and it is based upon what the dog can learn to do when instructed by humans. This type of intelligence can be measured for each dog breed. Furthermore, the working/obedience intelligence of one dog breed can be compared to that of another dog breed to see which dog is smarter
You can tell what type of instinctive intelligence a dog breed will have based on the dog group the dog belongs.
The Yorkshire Terrier belongs to the Companion Dogs group.
Dogs in the Companion Dogs group, like the Yorkshire Terrier, were bred to be companions to humans. Their main goal in life is to be with people, and they will be very sad if left to themselves for long hours day after day.
The natural breed-specific working/obedience intelligence is a heavy chunk of a dog`s overall intelligence.
According to Prof. Coren, 51 percent of a dog`s intelligence comes from its genes while 49 percent of a dog`s intelligence comes from the dog`s environmental circumstances. Environmental circumstances include how much training you give to a dog.
In short, it will be much easier to train a naturally smart dog.
However, we should mention that a dog breed should not be judged based on its intelligence alone.
There are other important factors you need to consider when deciding on which dog breed to get.
The most important factor to consider is how compatible a dog breed`s overall temperament is with your lifestyle.
The Intelligence of Yorkshire Terrier Compared to Other Dog Breeds
See how smart the Yorkshire Terrier is compared to some other dog breeds.
To see how smart the Yorkshire Terrier is compared to all other dog breeds, see this ranking of dog breeds based on intelligence.
Is the Yorkshire Terrier Smarter Than the Pharaoh Hound?
The Yorkshire Terrier is smarter than the Pharaoh Hound.
This is because the Yorkshire Terrier ranks 27th out of 79 in the intelligence ranking of 133 dog breeds, while the intelligence rank of the Pharaoh Hound is 37th out of 79 in the ranking of the intelligence of 133 dog breeds (133 and not 79 because some breeds tied for intelligence in the same spot).
Because of its intelligence rank of 27th, the Yorkshire Terrier belongs to the `Above Average Working Dogs` category.
This means that Yorkshire Terriers tend to learn new commands after 15 to 25 repetitions.
On the other hand, because of its intelligence rank of 37th, the Pharaoh Hound belongs to the `Above Average Working Dogs` category.
This means that Pharaoh Hounds tend to learn new commands after 15 to 25 repetitions.
| Yorkshire Terrier | Pharaoh Hound | |
|---|---|---|
| Intelligence Rank | 27th out of 133 dog breeds | 37th out of 133 dog breeds |
| Learning Ability | Tend To Learn New Commands After 15 To 25 Repetitions | Tend To Learn New Commands After 15 To 25 Repetitions |
Learn more about how smart Pharaoh Hounds are here.
Is the Yorkshire Terrier Smarter Than the Scottish Terrier?
The Yorkshire Terrier is smarter than the Scottish Terrier.
This is because the Yorkshire Terrier ranks 27th out of 79 in the intelligence ranking of 133 dog breeds, while the intelligence rank of the Scottish Terrier is 65th out of 79 in the ranking of the intelligence of 133 dog breeds (133 and not 79 because some breeds tied for intelligence in the same spot).
Because of its intelligence rank of 27th, the Yorkshire Terrier belongs to the `Above Average Working Dogs` category.
This means that Yorkshire Terriers tend to learn new commands after 15 to 25 repetitions.
On the other hand, because of its intelligence rank of 65th, the Scottish Terrier belongs to the `Fair Working/Obedience Intelligence Dogs` category.
This means that Scottish Terriers tend to learn new commands after 40 to 80 repetitions!.
| Yorkshire Terrier | Scottish Terrier | |
|---|---|---|
| Intelligence Rank | 27th out of 133 dog breeds | 65th out of 133 dog breeds |
| Learning Ability | Tend To Learn New Commands After 15 To 25 Repetitions | Tend To Learn New Commands After 40 To 80 Repetitions! |
Learn more about how smart Scottish Terriers are here.
Is the Yorkshire Terrier Smarter Than the American Staffordshire Terrier?
The Yorkshire Terrier is smarter than the American Staffordshire Terrier.
This is because the Yorkshire Terrier ranks 27th out of 79 in the intelligence ranking of 133 dog breeds, while the intelligence rank of the American Staffordshire Terrier is 34th out of 79 in the ranking of the intelligence of 133 dog breeds (133 and not 79 because some breeds tied for intelligence in the same spot).
Because of its intelligence rank of 27th, the Yorkshire Terrier belongs to the `Above Average Working Dogs` category.
This means that Yorkshire Terriers tend to learn new commands after 15 to 25 repetitions.
On the other hand, because of its intelligence rank of 34th, the American Staffordshire Terrier belongs to the `Above Average Working Dogs` category.
This means that American Staffordshire Terriers tend to learn new commands after 15 to 25 repetitions.
| Yorkshire Terrier | American Staffordshire Terrier | |
|---|---|---|
| Intelligence Rank | 27th out of 133 dog breeds | 34th out of 133 dog breeds |
| Learning Ability | Tend To Learn New Commands After 15 To 25 Repetitions | Tend To Learn New Commands After 15 To 25 Repetitions |
Learn more about how smart American Staffordshire Terriers are here.
Is the Yorkshire Terrier Smarter Than the Mastiff?
The Yorkshire Terrier is smarter than the Mastiff.
This is because the Yorkshire Terrier ranks 27th out of 79 in the intelligence ranking of 133 dog breeds, while the intelligence rank of the Mastiff is 72nd out of 79 in the ranking of the intelligence of 133 dog breeds (133 and not 79 because some breeds tied for intelligence in the same spot).
Because of its intelligence rank of 27th, the Yorkshire Terrier belongs to the `Above Average Working Dogs` category.
This means that Yorkshire Terriers tend to learn new commands after 15 to 25 repetitions.
On the other hand, because of its intelligence rank of 72nd, the Mastiff belongs to the `Lowest Degree of Working/Obedience Intelligence Dogs` category.
This means that Mastiffs tend to learn new commands after 80 to 100 repetitions or more!.
| Yorkshire Terrier | Mastiff | |
|---|---|---|
| Intelligence Rank | 27th out of 133 dog breeds | 72nd out of 133 dog breeds |
| Learning Ability | Tend To Learn New Commands After 15 To 25 Repetitions | Tend To Learn New Commands After 80 To 100 Repetitions Or More! |
Learn more about how smart Mastiffs are here.
Is the Yorkshire Terrier Smarter Than the Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier?
The Yorkshire Terrier is smarter than the Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier.
This is because the Yorkshire Terrier ranks 27th out of 79 in the intelligence ranking of 133 dog breeds, while the intelligence rank of the Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier is 40th out of 79 in the ranking of the intelligence of 133 dog breeds (133 and not 79 because some breeds tied for intelligence in the same spot).
Because of its intelligence rank of 27th, the Yorkshire Terrier belongs to the `Above Average Working Dogs` category.
This means that Yorkshire Terriers tend to learn new commands after 15 to 25 repetitions.
On the other hand, because of its intelligence rank of 40th, the Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier belongs to the `Average Working/Obedience Intelligence Dogs` category.
This means that Soft Coated Wheaten Terriers tend to learn new commands after 25 to 40 repetitions.
| Yorkshire Terrier | Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier | |
|---|---|---|
| Intelligence Rank | 27th out of 133 dog breeds | 40th out of 133 dog breeds |
| Learning Ability | Tend To Learn New Commands After 15 To 25 Repetitions | Tend To Learn New Commands After 25 To 40 Repetitions |
Learn more about how smart Soft Coated Wheaten Terriers are here.
Is the Yorkshire Terrier Smarter than a Cat?
Dogs have more neurons in their brains than cats. In fact, a dog has twice the number of brain neurons of a cat (500 million versus 250 million neurons).
This is according to a research study in which the scientist counted the number of brain neurons in dogs and in cats.
Brain neurons are used for processing information. Hence, it is likely that the Yorkshire Terrier will have a better information processing power than a cat
Thus, if we are to use the number of neurons in an animal`s brain as a measure of intelligence, then the Yorkshire Terrier is definitely way smarter than a cat because the Yorkshire Terrier has twice as many brain neurons as a cat.
However, intelligence is a very complex concept that may not be explained simply by how many neurons an animal`s brain has. Learn more here.
What is the IQ of the Yorkshire Terrier?
Before discussing the Intelligence Quotient (IQ) of the Yorkshire Terrier, let us first define what Intelligence Quotient (IQ) is. IQ is simply a measure of how mentally advanced a person is relative to that person`s chronological age (the typical age that is calculated from birthday).
For example, a 2-year-old child with the mental capacity of a 4-year-old has an IQ of 200 (that is 4 divided by 2, multiplied by 100).
This is an old but simple definition of IQ.
According to Prof. Stanley Coren, a dog has the mental capacity of a 2-year-old human child.
Let us assume that Yorkshire Terriers become full-grown and reach mental maturity at one year of age.
Also, let us make the bold assumption that, as Yorkshire Terriers get older, they do not get significantly smarter than a 2-year-old human child (You Can`t Teach an Old Dog New Tricks).
Thus, a one-year-old Yorkshire Terrier will have the mental capacity of a 2-year-old human child, and a 2-year-old Yorkshire Terrier will still have the mental capacity of a 2-year-old human child, and a 3-year-old Yorkshire Terrier will have the mental capacity of a 2-year-old human child, and so on.
Then, from the way IQ is defined, a one-year-old Yorkshire Terrier, which will have the mental capacity of a 2-year-old child, has an IQ of 200! This is not too surprising because Yorkshire Terriers mature and age faster than humans.
A one-year-old Yorkshire Terrier is twice as smart as a one-year-old human child.
Also, since a 2-year-old Yorkshire Terrier will have the intelligence of a two-year-old human, then the corresponding IQ of a 2-year-old Yorkshire Terrier is 100. Similarly, a three-year-old Yorkshire Terrier will still have the mental capacity of a two-year-old human, making its IQ 66, and so on.
These may sound odd. But this is because the concept of IQ was designed to test human intelligence and not Yorkshire Terrier intelligence. That is what you get when you use human intelligence as a reference to measure Yorkshire Terrier intelligence.
Conclusion
We hope this article has provided you with all the facts you need to know on Yorkshire Terrier intelligence.
To learn more about the Yorkshire Terrier, check out our article where we reviewed the Yorkshire Terrier breed.
Also, to learn more about the temperament and behavior of the Yorkshire Terrier, check out our article on the temperament profile of the Yorkshire Terrier. This will tell you what Yorkshire Terriers are really like.
If you do not own the Yorkshire Terrier yet, and you are planning to get one, check out our list of reputable Yorkshire Terrier breeders and article on Yorkshire Terrier price and buying advice.